In this chapter, we will explore the concept of if-else statements in Python. If-else statements allow us to make decisions in our code based on certain conditions. This is a fundamental concept in programming that enables us to control the flow of our programs.

Understanding If-else Statements

An if-else statement evaluates a condition and executes a block of code if the condition is true. If the condition is false, it can execute an alternative block of code. This is how we can make our programs respond differently to different situations.

Here's the basic structure of an if-else statement:

The "not" Keyword

The "not" keyword is used to negate a boolean expression. If a condition is true, using "not" will make it false, and vice versa. This can be very useful when you want to execute code only when a condition is not met.

For Example:

Example

Let's look at an example that uses if-else statements to help our knight collect all the coins on the map. The knight will move around the grid, picking up coins while avoiding walls.

In this example, the knight will continue to move and pick up coins until it encounters walls both above and to the right. The if-else statement checks if there is a wall to the right. If there is, the knight moves up and picks up coin. Otherwise, it moves to the right and picks up coin.