Summary  
Demonstrates how to retrieve values from a Python dictionary by key, assign them to a variable, and printing the result.

General domain of usage  
Library catalog management

Lad os oprette en ordbog, der repræsenterer en bog i et bibliotek:

book = {"title": "Pride and Prejudice", "author": "Jane Austen", "year": 1813}
print(book)

Denne ordbog indeholder tre nøgle-værdi-par:

I et dictionary kan du hente et element ved at referere til dets nøgle. Her er et eksempel på, hvordan udgivelsesåret for en bog tilgås:

book = {"title": "Pride and Prejudice", "author": "Jane Austen", "year": 1813}

publication_year = book["year"]
print(publication_year)  # Output: 1813

I den viste kode:

- Python søger efter nøglen `"year"` i book-dictionary;
- Den henter værdien, der er knyttet til nøglen (`1813`), og tildeler den til variablen `publication_year`.

Værdien udskrives derefter, hvilket demonstrerer, hvordan nøgler muliggør hurtig og specifik adgang til dictionary-værdier.

import unittest
import importlib

def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_message, failure_message):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_message
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_message)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_message
        test_case.fail(failure_message)

class TestUserCode(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_authors_books_is_declared(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            hasattr(user_code, 'authors_books'),
            "The `authors_books` dictionary is declared.",
            "Expected `authors_books` dictionary to be declared."
        )

    def test_authors_books_is_dict(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            isinstance(user_code.authors_books, dict),
            "The `authors_books` is of type `dict`.",
            "Expected `authors_books` to be of type `dict`."
        )

    def test_kings_books_is_declared(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            hasattr(user_code, 'kings_books'),
            "The `kings_books` list is declared.",
            "Expected `kings_books` to be declared."
        )

    def test_shekspeares_books_is_declared(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            hasattr(user_code, 'shakspeares_books'),
            "The `shakspeares_books` list is declared.",
            "Expected `shakspeares_books` to be declared."
        )

    def test_kings_books_is_list(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            isinstance(user_code.kings_books, list),
            "The `kings_books` is of type `list`.",
            "Expected `kings_books` to be of type `list`."
        )

    def test_shekspeares_books_is_list(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            isinstance(user_code.shakspeares_books, list),
            "The `shakspeares_books` is of type `list`.",
            "Expected `shakspeares_books` to be of type `list`."
        )

    def test_kings_books_correct_values(self):
        import user_code
        expected_books = ['It', 'The Shining', 'Carrie', 'Misery']
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            user_code.kings_books == expected_books,
            "The `kings_books` list contains the correct books.",
            f"Expected `kings_books` to be {expected_books}, but got {user_code.kings_books}."
        )

    def test_shekspeares_books_correct_values(self):
        import user_code
        expected_books = ['Hamlet', 'Macbeth', 'Romeo and Juliet', 'Othello']
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            user_code.shakspeares_books == expected_books,
            "The `shakspeares_books` list contains the correct books.",
            f"Expected `shekspeares_books` to be {expected_books}, but got {user_code.shakspeares_books}."
        )

    def test_books_are_retrieved_using_dict_indexing(self):
        with open('user_code.py', 'r') as file:
            user_code_source = file.read()
        
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            "'Stephen King'" in user_code_source and "'William Shakespeare'" in user_code_source,
            "The books are retrieved using dictionary indexing.",
            "Expected the books to be retrieved using dictionary indexing."
        )

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()


test_main.py

Udforsk de grundlæggende datastrukturer i programmeringssproget Python, herunder lister, ordbøger, tupler og sæt, og lær hvordan de anvendes effektivt til at løse virkelige programmeringsudfordringer.

Hvad er en liste? En liste er en ordnet samling, der kan ændres. Den tillader også dublerede elementer.

Adgang til Ordbogsværdier i Python

Løsning

Adgang til Ordbogsværdier i Python

Løsning