The **INDIRECT** function converts a text string into a cell reference. This can be particularly useful for creating dynamic references that change based on user input or other variables.

<div style="display: flex; justify-content: center;">
<i>=</i><b>INDIRECT</b>(<span style="color: indigo">ref_text</span>;&nbsp;<span style="color: green">[a1]</span>)
</div>

|  |  |
|-----------|-------------|
| <span style="color: indigo">ref_text</span> | A text string representing the reference to a cell or range of cells. |
| <span style="color: green">[a1]</span> | Optional. A logical value that specifies the `A1` or `R1C1` reference style. If omitted, `A1` is assumed. |

It is used to change the cell reference within a formula without altering the formula itself quite straitghtforward and simple but really helpfull in some situations.

Using this formula you may encounter an <span style="color: red;">error</span> `#REF`. This is because If ref_text is not a valid cell reference.

The text string provided to the **INDIRECT** function is not correctly formatted to point to a valid cell or range because it is just text. That's why the `#REF!` <span style="color: red;">error</span> arises.

How can the INDIRECT function be useful in Excel?

This course is designed for beginners who want to start exploring formulas in Excel. You'll begin with the basics and then discover some really useful formulas for daily use. You'll learn about array formulas and how they work, and you'll also dive into Lookup and Reference functions.

In this section you will learn how to input and use Excel formulas for various calculations, including basic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and power. Discover the importance of using functions for clearer and more efficient calculations. Explore statistical functions like AVERAGE, MEDIAN, MODE, MIN, and MAX to analyze data effectively.

In this section you will learn about array formulas in Excel and how they enable multiple calculations on sets of values simultaneously and how to use specific functions like UNIQUE, SORT, FILTER, and TRANSPOSE.

In this section, you will learn about lookup and reference formulas in Excel. These formulas enable you to search for and retrieve specific data from a table or range. You will explore essential functions such as VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, MATCH, INDEX, and XLOOKUP, which are invaluable for finding and referencing data efficiently.


ref_text	A text string representing the reference to a cell or range of cells.
[a1]	Optional. A logical value that specifies the `A1` or `R1C1` reference style. If omitted, `A1` is assumed.