Building and Using Models

After creating a schema, the next step is building a model. A model is created from a schema and provides methods for interacting with documents inside a MongoDB collection.

Models allow you to create, read, update, and delete data using simple JavaScript methods.

Example:

const mongoose = require('mongoose');

// Create the schema
const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  name: String,
  email: String,
  age: Number
});

// Create the model
const User = mongoose.model('User', userSchema);

In this example, the User model is connected to the users collection inside MongoDB. Mongoose automatically converts the model name to a collection name.

Creating Documents

Models can be used to create new documents.

Example:

const newUser = new User({
  name: 'Alice',
  email: 'alice@example.com',
  age: 30
});

newUser.save();

The save() method stores the document in the database.

Querying Documents

Models also provide methods for reading data.

Example:

User.find().then(users => {
  console.log(users);
});

The find() method returns all documents from the collection.

You can also search for specific documents.

Example:

User.findOne({ email: 'alice@example.com' })
  .then(user => {
    console.log(user);
  });

Models make database operations cleaner and easier to manage compared to writing raw MongoDB queries throughout your application.