Impara Interpretable Model Diagnostics | Rule-Based Models in Practice

When you use rule-based machine learning models, transparency is a key advantage. Model diagnostics—tools and techniques to analyze how your system makes decisions—are essential for maintaining this transparency. Diagnostics let you peek inside your model, understand how rules are applied, and provide actionable insights to improve both accuracy and trustworthiness. By examining summary statistics and visualizations of rules and predictions, you gain a clearer picture of your model's strengths and weaknesses, which is crucial for responsible deployment in real-world scenarios.


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import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Example: Simulated rules and predictions from a rule-based classifier
rules = [
    {"rule": "age > 30 and income > 50000", "support": 120, "accuracy": 0.87},
    {"rule": "age <= 30 and student == True", "support": 80, "accuracy": 0.75},
    {"rule": "income <= 50000", "support": 150, "accuracy": 0.65},
    {"rule": "default", "support": 50, "accuracy": 0.50}
]

# Generate summary statistics
supports = [r["support"] for r in rules]
accuracies = [r["accuracy"] for r in rules]
rule_labels = [r["rule"] for r in rules]

print("Rule Summary Statistics:")
for r in rules:
    print(f"Rule: {r['rule']}, Support: {r['support']}, Accuracy: {r['accuracy']}")

print("\nOverall average rule accuracy:", np.mean(accuracies))
print("Total samples covered by rules:", sum(supports))

# Visualize support and accuracy for each rule
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 5))

color = 'tab:blue'
ax1.set_xlabel('Rule')
ax1.set_ylabel('Support', color=color)
ax1.bar(range(len(rules)), supports, color=color, alpha=0.6)
ax1.set_xticks(range(len(rules)))
ax1.set_xticklabels([f"R{i+1}" for i in range(len(rules))], rotation=30)
ax1.tick_params(axis='y', labelcolor=color)

ax2 = ax1.twinx()
color = 'tab:red'
ax2.set_ylabel('Accuracy', color=color)
ax2.plot(range(len(rules)), accuracies, color=color, marker='o')
ax2.tick_params(axis='y', labelcolor=color)

plt.title('Rule Support and Accuracy')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

Diagnostics like those above are powerful because they make your model's inner workings visible. By generating summary statistics, such as rule support and accuracy, you can quickly identify which rules are most influential and which may be underperforming. Visualizations help you spot patterns—if some rules have low accuracy or very low support, you may need to refine or remove them. This process not only clarifies how your model makes decisions but also guides you in improving its performance and reliability. Interpreting these diagnostics ensures your rule-based system remains both effective and trustworthy.

1. What is the main purpose of model diagnostics in rule-based machine learning?

2. When reviewing rule diagnostics, what might indicate a need to improve or revise a rule?

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Sezione 2. Capitolo 6

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import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Example: Simulated rules and predictions from a rule-based classifier
rules = [
    {"rule": "age > 30 and income > 50000", "support": 120, "accuracy": 0.87},
    {"rule": "age <= 30 and student == True", "support": 80, "accuracy": 0.75},
    {"rule": "income <= 50000", "support": 150, "accuracy": 0.65},
    {"rule": "default", "support": 50, "accuracy": 0.50}
]

# Generate summary statistics
supports = [r["support"] for r in rules]
accuracies = [r["accuracy"] for r in rules]
rule_labels = [r["rule"] for r in rules]

print("Rule Summary Statistics:")
for r in rules:
    print(f"Rule: {r['rule']}, Support: {r['support']}, Accuracy: {r['accuracy']}")

print("\nOverall average rule accuracy:", np.mean(accuracies))
print("Total samples covered by rules:", sum(supports))

# Visualize support and accuracy for each rule
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 5))

color = 'tab:blue'
ax1.set_xlabel('Rule')
ax1.set_ylabel('Support', color=color)
ax1.bar(range(len(rules)), supports, color=color, alpha=0.6)
ax1.set_xticks(range(len(rules)))
ax1.set_xticklabels([f"R{i+1}" for i in range(len(rules))], rotation=30)
ax1.tick_params(axis='y', labelcolor=color)

ax2 = ax1.twinx()
color = 'tab:red'
ax2.set_ylabel('Accuracy', color=color)
ax2.plot(range(len(rules)), accuracies, color=color, marker='o')
ax2.tick_params(axis='y', labelcolor=color)

plt.title('Rule Support and Accuracy')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

1. What is the main purpose of model diagnostics in rule-based machine learning?

2. When reviewing rule diagnostics, what might indicate a need to improve or revise a rule?

Tutto è chiaro?

Grazie per i tuoi commenti!

Sezione 2. Capitolo 6