## Challenge Overview:

You will use custom exception types in C++ to validate user input for age. Implement a function named `validateAge(int age)` that checks whether an age value is valid. An age is valid if it is between 0 and 150, inclusive. If the age is not within this range, your function must throw a custom exception called `InvalidAgeException`.

**Requirements:**
- Define a custom exception class named `InvalidAgeException` following C++ best practices;
- Implement the `validateAge(int age)` function to check the validity of the input;
- Throw `InvalidAgeException` if the age is less than 0 or greater than 150.

**Example:**

```cpp
try {
    validateAge(200); // Invalid age
} catch (const InvalidAgeException& e) {
    std::cout << "Caught exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
}
```

You will gain hands-on experience with custom exception handling and input validation in C++.


#define CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
#include <catch2/catch.hpp>


#include <stdexcept>

class InvalidAgeException : public std::exception {
public:
    const char* what() const noexcept override {
        return "Invalid age: Age must be between 0 and 150.";
    }
};

void validateAge(int age);

TEST_CASE("validateAge does not throw for valid ages", "[validateAge]") {
    REQUIRE_NOTHROW(validateAge(0));
    REQUIRE_NOTHROW(validateAge(50));
    REQUIRE_NOTHROW(validateAge(150));
}

TEST_CASE("validateAge throws InvalidAgeException for age < 0", "[validateAge]") {
    try {
        validateAge(-1);
        REQUIRE(false); // Should not reach here
    } catch (const InvalidAgeException& ex) {
        REQUIRE(true);
    } catch (...) {
        REQUIRE(false); // Wrong exception type
    }
}

TEST_CASE("validateAge throws InvalidAgeException for age > 150", "[validateAge]") {
    try {
        validateAge(151);
        REQUIRE(false); // Should not reach here
    } catch (const InvalidAgeException& ex) {
        REQUIRE(true);
    } catch (...) {
        REQUIRE(false); // Wrong exception type
    }
}

TEST_CASE("validateAge exception message is correct", "[validateAge]") {
    try {
        validateAge(-10);
        REQUIRE(false);
    } catch (const InvalidAgeException& ex) {
        REQUIRE(std::string(ex.what()) == "Invalid age: Age must be between 0 and 150.");
    }
}

test.cpp

A practical course on mastering exception handling in modern C++. Learn how to write robust code by detecting, throwing, and managing errors using exceptions. Each section introduces a new aspect of exception handling, followed by hands-on challenges inspired by real-world scenarios.

Understand the basics of exception handling in C++. Learn about try-catch blocks, throw statements, and the standard exception hierarchy.

Learn how to define and use your own exception classes for more descriptive error handling.

Discover how to write exception-safe code and manage resources properly using RAII.

Explore advanced techniques such as exception propagation, rethrowing, and exception specifications.

Challenge: Age Validator

Challenge Overview:

解答