学ぶ Creating a base controller

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Definition

A base controller is a reusable PHP class that provides shared logic, methods, or properties for all other controllers in an MVC application.

In an MVC application, many controllers perform the same tasks, such as rendering views, validating input, and setting headers. Instead of repeating this code in every controller, you can move the shared logic into a base controller class.

This approach reduces duplication, simplifies maintenance, and keeps behavior consistent across the application.

BaseController.php


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<?php

class BaseController
{
    public function render($view, $data = [])
    {
        extract($data);
        include __DIR__ . "/views/{$view}.php";
    }
}

By defining common functionality like the render method in the BaseController, you allow other controllers to inherit these features. Child controllers can extend the base controller, gaining access to its methods and properties without having to redefine them.

HomeController.php

views/home.php


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<?php

require_once 'BaseController.php';

class HomeController extends BaseController
{
    public function index()
    {
        $data = ['message' => 'Welcome to the home page!'];
        $this->render('home', $data);
    }
}

Using inheritance in your controller design means that any improvements or bug fixes to shared logic in the base controller are instantly available to all child controllers. This makes your codebase easier to maintain and extend, especially as your application grows.

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