学ぶ Overlay Operations: Intersection, Union, Difference | Spatial Operations and Map Processing

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Overlay operations are a core set of tools in geospatial analysis that enable you to combine, compare, and manipulate spatial datasets based on their geometries. These operations—intersection, union, and difference—allow you to answer questions such as "Where do two datasets overlap?", "What is the combined area covered by two layers?", or "What areas are unique to one layer compared to another?" In GIS, overlay operations are essential for tasks like land use analysis, environmental impact studies, and resource management. By leveraging overlay techniques, you can extract new spatial features and attribute information from existing datasets, forming the backbone of many spatial analyses.


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import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Polygon

# Create two simple polygon GeoDataFrames
poly1 = Polygon([(0, 0), (2, 0), (2, 2), (0, 2)])
poly2 = Polygon([(1, 1), (3, 1), (3, 3), (1, 3)])

gdf1 = gpd.GeoDataFrame({'geometry': [poly1]}, crs="EPSG:4326")
gdf2 = gpd.GeoDataFrame({'geometry': [poly2]}, crs="EPSG:4326")

# Compute the intersection
intersection = gpd.overlay(gdf1, gdf2, how='intersection')

print("Intersection result:")
print(intersection)


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import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Polygon

# Define two polygons
poly_a = Polygon([(0, 0), (2, 0), (2, 2), (0, 2)])
poly_b = Polygon([(1, 1), (3, 1), (3, 3), (1, 3)])

gdf_a = gpd.GeoDataFrame({'geometry': [poly_a]}, crs="EPSG:4326")
gdf_b = gpd.GeoDataFrame({'geometry': [poly_b]}, crs="EPSG:4326")

# Perform a union overlay
union = gpd.overlay(gdf_a, gdf_b, how='union')

print("Union result:")
print(union)
# The resulting geometry includes all areas covered by either of the input polygons, combining their extents and attributes.

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セクション 2. 章 4

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セクション 2. 章 4