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C Conditional Statements

bookCompound and Grouping Conditions

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Sometimes a decision depends on more than one requirement. Instead of writing several separate if statements, you can combine conditions using logical operators:

  • && (AND) – both conditions must be true;
  • || (OR) – at least one condition must be true;
  • ! (NOT) – reverses the result.

Compound conditions help keep your logic compact and expressive.

main.c

main.c

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#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int age = 20;
    int hasID = 1; // Means `true`

    if (age >= 18 && hasID) {
        printf("Access granted.\n");
    } else {
        printf("Access denied.\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

Here both conditions must be satisfied for access to be allowed.

When compound conditions become long, grouping them with parentheses makes the logic easier to read and prevents mistakes in operator precedence.

main.c

main.c

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if ((score > 80 && passedExam) || isAdmin) {
    printf("Approved.\n");
}

Breaking it down into two parts:

  • (score > 80 && passedExam);
  • || isAdmin.

Either the student qualifies, or an admin overrides. Grouping shows the intention clearly.

question mark

Which of the following are logical operators you can use to combine or modify conditions in C?

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