各カテゴリごとの商品の数量を取得済み。次に、会社からの依頼で、一定金額を超える価格の商品が含まれるカテゴリを抽出し、割引対象とする必要がある。

import unittest
import psycopg2
import pandas as pd
import re

class TestPostgresQuery(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        cls.connection = psycopg2.connect(
            host="localhost",
            user="agent",
            password="qwerty",
            dbname="testdb",
            sslmode="disable"
        )
        cls.cursor = cls.connection.cursor()

    def test_category_names_with_price_above_450(self):
        """Check that only unique category names with products priced above 450 are returned."""
        with open("query.sql", "r") as file:
            query = file.read()

        # Get the expected result using reference query
        reference_query = '''
            SELECT DISTINCT category.name
            FROM category
            JOIN product ON category.id = product.category_id
            WHERE price > 450
        '''
        self.cursor.execute(reference_query)
        expected_rows = self.cursor.fetchall()
        expected_set = set(row[0] for row in expected_rows)

        # Run user's query
        self.cursor.execute(query)
        rows = self.cursor.fetchall()
        user_set = set(row[0] for row in rows)

        condition = user_set == expected_set
        missing = expected_set - user_set
        extra = user_set - expected_set
        fail_msg = ""
        if missing:
            fail_msg += f"Missing expected categories: {', '.join(missing)}. "
        if extra:
            fail_msg += f"Unexpected categories returned: {', '.join(extra)}."
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            "Correct unique category names are returned for products with price > 450.",
            fail_msg or "Incorrect category names returned."
        )

    def test_output_only_category_name_column(self):
        """Check that only one column (category.name) is returned."""
        with open("query.sql", "r") as file:
            query = file.read()

        self.cursor.execute(query)
        columns = [desc[0] for desc in self.cursor.description]
        condition = len(columns) == 1 and normalize_text(columns[0]) == "name"
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            "Only one column 'name' is returned.",
            f"Expected only one column named 'name', got: {columns}"
        )

    def test_no_duplicate_category_names(self):
        """Check that there are no duplicate category names in the result."""
        with open("query.sql", "r") as file:
            query = file.read()
        self.cursor.execute(query)
        rows = self.cursor.fetchall()
        names = [row[0] for row in rows]
        condition = len(names) == len(set(names))
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            "No duplicate category names in the result.",
            "Duplicate category names found in the result."
        )

    def test_no_category_with_price_450_or_below(self):
        """Ensure no category is returned where all products have price <= 450."""
        with open("query.sql", "r") as file:
            query = file.read()
        self.cursor.execute(query)
        rows = self.cursor.fetchall()
        returned_names = set(row[0] for row in rows)
        # All categories that have at least one product with price > 450
        self.cursor.execute('''
            SELECT DISTINCT category.name
            FROM category
            JOIN product ON category.id = product.category_id
            WHERE price > 450
        ''')
        valid_names = set(row[0] for row in self.cursor.fetchall())
        # All categories that have only products with price <= 450
        self.cursor.execute('''
            SELECT DISTINCT category.name
            FROM category
            WHERE category.name NOT IN (
                SELECT DISTINCT category.name
                FROM category
                JOIN product ON category.id = product.category_id
                WHERE price > 450
            )
        ''')
        invalid_names = set(row[0] for row in self.cursor.fetchall())
        found_invalid = returned_names & invalid_names
        condition = not found_invalid
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            "No category with only products priced 450 or below is returned.",
            f"Categories returned with only products priced 450 or below: {', '.join(found_invalid)}"
        )


def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_message, failure_message):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_message
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_message)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_message
        test_case.fail(failure_message)

def normalize_text(text):
    text = text.lower()
    text = re.sub(r"\s{2,}", " ", text)
    text = re.sub(r"\s*([,:?])\s*", r"\1 ", text)
    return text.strip()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()


test_solution.py

このコースは、SQLの基本的な理解をすでに持ち、より高度な概念を学んで強力なクエリを作成したい方に最適です。コースを通じて、データのグループ化やグループ化されたデータのフィルタリングに慣れることができます。また、複数のテーブルを同時に操作する方法や、それらを結合する方法についても学びます。さらに、さまざまな種類のテーブル結合とその実践的な適用方法についても探求します。

このセクションでは、データを効果的にグループ化および管理する方法を学びます。データをグループ化するためのGROUP BY演算子を紹介します。さらに、HAVING演算子を使用してグループ化されたデータをフィルタリングする方法も学びます。

ネストされたサブクエリについて、それらの作成方法および効果的な活用方法を学びます。

ここでは、複数のテーブルを結合する方法を学び、統合されたテーブルで作業し、クエリ作成を簡素化できます。

SQLにおけるデータ定義言語（DDL）およびデータ操作言語（DML）の基本を学習します。データベースオブジェクトの作成、変更、削除方法、およびテーブル内のデータの挿入、更新、削除方法を含みます。

チャレンジ：商品価格によるカテゴリ取得

簡単な手順

解答