Summary  
This chapter introduces ggplot2’s layered grammar-of-graphics API, showing how to initialize a plot with data and aesthetic mappings and then add geometry layers via geom_* functions to build custom visuals.  

General domain of usage  
Data visualization

`ggplot2` is a part of the tidyverse collection of R packages. It's used to create powerful, layered, and customizable data visualizations.

To use it, load the libraries:
```
library(tidyverse)
library(ggplot2)
```

And disable scientific notation to make plots more readable:
```
options(scipen = 999)
```

## Basic Structure of a ggplot2 Plot
Every ggplot2 visualization is constructed in layers:
```
ggplot(data, aes(x, y)) +
  geom_function()
```
- `data`: the dataset being used;
- `aes()`: aesthetic mappings (define how variables are mapped to axes or other properties);
- `geom_*()`: geometry layer (determines how the data will be displayed, such as bars, points, or lines).

What is the purpose of the aes() function in ggplot2?


Gain practical experience in data analysis with R by learning how to clean, transform, and visualize datasets. Explore essential workflows such as selecting and filtering data, handling missing values, and summarizing results. Build confidence in preparing data for insights, reporting, and deeper statistical exploration.

Explore the foundations of data analysis with R. Learn how to install the tools, load and inspect datasets, select and filter information, sort and transform data, handle missing values, and summarize results for deeper insights.

Learn to create compelling visualizations with ggplot2. Build bar charts, histograms, density plots, and scatter plots, then customize and refine them with styling options and faceting to reveal deeper insights in your data.

Strengthen your understanding of statistics for data analysis. Apply descriptive measures, identify and treat outliers, and use correlation techniques with visual tools like heatmaps and scatter plots to uncover meaningful relationships.

Introduction to ggplot2

Basic Structure of a ggplot2 Plot

Summary