Summary  
This chapter explains how to use CSS transform scale functions—scale(), scaleX(), and scaleY()—to resize elements horizontally, vertically, or both by applying unitless scaling factors.  

General domain of usage  
Front-end web development

`scale()` allows us to increase or decrease the element size. Also, we can resize an element only vertically using the `scaleY()` property or only horizontally using the `scaleX()` property.
```css
transform: scale(X-value, Y-value);
transform: scaleX(value);
transform: scaleY(value);
```
The values for the `scale` functions must be unitless. By default, the value is `1`, which means make no changes.
- `scale()` function can get two values. The first (`X-value`) is the number representing the horizontal resize. The second (`Y-value`) is the number representing the vertical resize. If we set one value, the browser applies the same for horizontal and vertical scales;
- `scaleX` and `scaleY` functions get one value and change an element horizontally and vertically, respectively.


Let's have some practice and add scaling for the following elements:

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

Which of the following options can be used to scale an element only in the horizontal direction?

Level up your styling skills by mastering advanced CSS techniques for modern web design. Position and manage elements with precision using advanced positioning strategies. Create smooth transitions and engaging animations to enhance user experience. Transform and manipulate elements for dynamic visual effects. Build responsive designs that adapt across devices and learn to streamline your workflow with CSS preprocessors like Sass.

Research what learners can expect from this advanced HTML and CSS styling course. What do you need to know before starting the course? What topics will be covered in it?

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Scaling Elements