Lære Challenge: Nested If Statements | Introduction to Conditional Statements

When you need to make more complex decisions in your C programs, you can use nested if statements. This means placing one if statement inside another, allowing your code to check for multiple related conditions in a sequence. With nested if statements, your program can react differently depending on combinations of conditions, rather than just a single one.

nested_if_syntax.c


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// Syntax of nested if statements in C
if (first_condition) {
    if (second_condition) {
        // Statements executed if both condition1 and condition2 are true
    }
}

Nested if statements are useful when your program needs to make decisions that depend on more than one condition. For example, you might want to check if a number is positive, negative, or zero, and then perform an additional check within those categories.

check_number.c


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#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int number = 7;

    if (number > 0) {
        printf("The number is positive.\n");
    } else {
        if (number < 0) {
            printf("The number is negative.\n");
        } else {
            printf("The number is zero.\n");
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

By nesting if statements, you create a decision tree that allows your program to handle complex logic in a structured way.

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Write a function evaluateScore that takes an integer score. In main, call evaluateScore and store the returned value in a variable named result. If score is greater than 50, check again inside:

If it is greater than 80, return 2.
Otherwise, return 1.
If the score is not greater than 50, return 0.

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Suggested prompts:

Can you give an example of nested if statements in C?

What are some common mistakes to avoid when using nested if statements?

How do nested if statements compare to using logical operators like && and ||?

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