Floating-Point Numbers
If we try to store a decimal number in an integer variable, it will give us an error:
index.go
12var myVariable int myVariable = 7.9 // Error in this line
To store decimal values, a different data type is needed. In programming languages, including Go, we use floating-point numbers, often referred to as floats, to represent decimal numbers.
In Go, floating-point numbers come in two types: float32 and float64. float32 is a 32-bit type with limited precision, suitable for a broad range of decimal values when memory efficiency is crucial. Conversely, float64 is a 64-bit type referred to as "double precision" and provides greater accuracy, making it the default choice for most calculations requiring precision.
index.go
12345678910package main import "fmt" func main() { var myFloatValue1 float32 = 3.1415926535 var myFloatValue2 float64 = 3.1415926535 fmt.Println("float32:", myFloatValue1) fmt.Println("float64:", myFloatValue2) }
In the output of the program above, you can observe that the myFloatValue1 variable, which is of type float32, retains up to 7 decimal points. It's worth noting that the last digit is rounded to 7, resulting in an output of 3.1415927 instead of the original 3.1415926535.
Conversely, myFloatValue2 outputs the complete high-precision value 3.1415926535.
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If we try to store a decimal number in an integer variable, it will give us an error:
index.go
12var myVariable int myVariable = 7.9 // Error in this line
To store decimal values, a different data type is needed. In programming languages, including Go, we use floating-point numbers, often referred to as floats, to represent decimal numbers.
In Go, floating-point numbers come in two types: float32 and float64. float32 is a 32-bit type with limited precision, suitable for a broad range of decimal values when memory efficiency is crucial. Conversely, float64 is a 64-bit type referred to as "double precision" and provides greater accuracy, making it the default choice for most calculations requiring precision.
index.go
12345678910package main import "fmt" func main() { var myFloatValue1 float32 = 3.1415926535 var myFloatValue2 float64 = 3.1415926535 fmt.Println("float32:", myFloatValue1) fmt.Println("float64:", myFloatValue2) }
In the output of the program above, you can observe that the myFloatValue1 variable, which is of type float32, retains up to 7 decimal points. It's worth noting that the last digit is rounded to 7, resulting in an output of 3.1415927 instead of the original 3.1415926535.
Conversely, myFloatValue2 outputs the complete high-precision value 3.1415926535.
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