Summary  
This chapter covers using pandas DataFrame.count() to count non-null entries per column or in a specific column, and DataFrame.sum() to compute the sum of numeric or boolean columns (including summing an isna() boolean mask to count missing values).

General domain of usage  
Data analysis

`pandas` offers the `count()` method, which counts all **non-null** cells (neither `None` nor `NaN`) for each column.
```python
df = pd.read_csv(file.csv)
number_of_cells = df.count()
```

To find the **count** of non-null values in a specific column, use the following syntax:
```python
df = pd.read_csv(file.csv)
number_of_cells = df['name of the column'].count()
```

`pandas` also provides the `sum()` method. This method calculates the sum of values for each column, but it only works with **numeric** or **boolean** columns.
```python
df = pd.read_csv(file.csv)
total = df.sum()
```

Since the `isna()` method returns a **boolean DataFrame**, you can use the following syntax to calculate the number of missing values for each of the columns:

```python
missing_values_count = df.isna().sum()
```

To find the sum of values in a particular column, use the following syntax:
```python
df = pd.read_csv(file.csv)
total = df['name of the column'].sum()
```

import unittest
import importlib
import pandas as pd


def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_message, failure_message):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_message
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_message)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_message
        test_case.fail(failure_message)


class TestUserCode(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_number_of_cells_is_declared(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            hasattr(user_code, 'number_of_cells'),
            "The `number_of_cells` variable is declared.",
            "Expected `number_of_cells` to be declared."
        )

    def test_number_of_cells_is_correct(self):
        import user_code
        cars_data = {'model': [None, 'audi A6', 'audi A4', None, 'audi A1'],
                     'year': [2017, 2016, 2017, None, 2016],
                     'fueltype': [None, 'diesel', 'diesel', 'petrol', 'petrol'],
                     'price': [12500, 16500, 16800, 17300, 16500]}
        audi_cars = pd.DataFrame(cars_data)
        expected_value = audi_cars.count()

        try:
            condition = user_code.number_of_cells.equals(expected_value)
            failure_message = f"Expected `number_of_cells` to be `{expected_value}`, but got `{user_code.number_of_cells}`."
        except AttributeError:
            condition = False
            if not getattr(user_code, 'number_of_cells', None):
                failure_message = "The `number_of_cells` variable is not declared."
            else:
                failure_message = "`number_of_cells` is not a `Series`."

        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            f"`number_of_cells` contains the correct values.",
            failure_message
        )

    def test_total_price_is_declared(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            hasattr(user_code, 'total_price'),
            "The `total_price` variable is declared.",
            "Expected `total_price` to be declared."
        )

    def test_total_price_is_correct(self):
        import user_code
        cars_data = {'model': [None, 'audi A6', 'audi A4', None, 'audi A1'],
                     'year': [2017, 2016, 2017, None, 2016],
                     'fueltype': [None, 'diesel', 'diesel', 'petrol', 'petrol'],
                     'price': [12500, 16500, 16800, 17300, 16500]}
        audi_cars = pd.DataFrame(cars_data)
        expected_value = audi_cars['price'].sum()

        try:
            condition = user_code.total_price == expected_value
            failure_message = f"Expected `total_price` to be `{expected_value}`, but got `{user_code.total_price}`."
        except AttributeError:
            condition = False
            failure_message = "The `total_price` variable is not declared."

        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            f"`total_price` is correct.",
            failure_message
        )

    def test_null_count_is_declared(self):
        import user_code
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            hasattr(user_code, 'null_count'),
            "The `null_count` variable is declared.",
            "Expected `null_count` to be declared."
        )

    def test_null_count_is_series(self):
        import user_code

        try:
            condition = isinstance(user_code.null_count, pd.Series)
            failure_message = f"Expected `null_count` to be a `Series`, but got `{type(user_code.null_count).__name__}`."
        except AttributeError:
            condition = False
            failure_message = "The `null_count` variable is not declared."

        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            "The variable `null_count` is a `Series`.",
            failure_message
        )

    def test_null_count_is_correct(self):
        import user_code
        cars_data = {'model': [None, 'audi A6', 'audi A4', None, 'audi A1'],
                     'year': [2017, 2016, 2017, None, 2016],
                     'fueltype': [None, 'diesel', 'diesel', 'petrol', 'petrol'],
                     'price': [12500, 16500, 16800, 17300, 16500]}
        audi_cars = pd.DataFrame(cars_data)
        expected_value = audi_cars.isna().sum()

        variable = 'null_count'
        actual_value = getattr(user_code, variable, None)
        if actual_value is None:
            condition = False
            failure_message = f"The `{variable}` variable is not declared."
        elif isinstance(actual_value, pd.Series):
            condition = actual_value.equals(expected_value)
            if actual_value.empty:
                failure_message = f"`{variable}` is empty."
            else:
                failure_message = f"Expected `{variable}` to contain `{expected_value.values}`, but got `{actual_value.values}`."
        else:
            condition = False
            failure_message = f"`{variable}` is not a `Series`."

        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            f"`{variable}` contains the correct values.",
            failure_message
        )

        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            condition,
            f"`null_count` contains the correct values.",
            failure_message
        )


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

test_main.py

Build practical data manipulation skills using pandas. Learn to work with Series and DataFrames, read and explore datasets, select and filter data, perform aggregations, reshape tables, combine multiple DataFrames, and prepare data for analysis.

sum() and count()

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