Cursusinhoud

C# Beyond Basics

1. Additional Structures & File Handling

What are Lists?Practicing List Declaration List Methods What are Dictionaries?Practicing Dictionaries Reading Files using StreamReader Reading Files using File Methods Writing Files Error Handling Practicing Error Handling

2. Structs & Enumerators

What are Structs?Defining & Using a Structure Practicing Structs Structs with Other Data Structures Struct Methods Correctly Accessing Fields in Struct Methods Practicing Methods Struct Constructors Practicing Constructors Enumerators Practicing Enumerator

3. Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

What is Object-Oriented Programming?Defining Classes Practice: Creating Classes Class Objects Class Objects vs Struct Objects Practice: Objects Class Methods Practice: Methods Class Constructors Practice: Constructors

4. OOP Essentials

Derived Classes Derived Classes Practice Common Access Modifiers Access Modifiers Practice The `static` Keyword Practicing `static` Keyword Method Overloading Method Overloading Practice

5. OOP Principles

What are the Principles of OOP?Inheritance Practicing Inheritance Polymorphism Practicing Polymorphism Encapsulation Encapsulation Practice Abstraction Abstraction Practice What's Next?

Structs with Other Data Structures

Since structs are essentially data types, we can use them for creating Arrays and Lists as well:

index.cs


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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

struct Student
{
    public string name;
    public int age;
}

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // An array of 50 students
        Student[] studentsArr = new Student[50];

        // A list of students
        List<Student> studentsList;
    }
}

In a List or an Array, we would access a Student object's field using the following syntax:

index.cs


              1
            
variableName[index].fieldName

For-example:

index.cs


              1234567
            
// Array
studentsArr[17].name = "Alex";

// List
studentsList[27].age = 21;

// Note: Both have the same syntax.

We can also loop through these arrays or lists to assign or access data. For-example the following code loops through a List of Students objects and calculates the average age:

index.cs


              12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637
            
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

struct Student
{
    public string name;
    public int age;
}

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // Creating an array
        Student[] students = new Student[7];

        // Setting some data
        students[0].age = 18;
        students[1].age = 13;
        students[2].age = 16;
        students[3].age = 21;
        students[4].age = 30;
        students[5].age = 36;
        students[6].age = 20;

        int totalAge = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < students.Length; i++)
        {
            totalAge += students[i].age;
        }

        // Formula for average is "sum of elements / number of elements"
        float averageAge = totalAge / students.Length;

        Console.WriteLine($"Average Age: {averageAge}");
    }
}

It is clear that here the Student struct acts like a data type. We can also use Student as a dictionary value as well. Following is an example of using Struct as a value in a dictionary:

index.cs


              123456789101112131415161718192021222324
            
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

struct Student
{
    public string name;
    public int age;
}

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var studentsByID = new Dictionary<int, Student>();

        Student student;
        student.name = "Thomas";
        student.age = 36;

        studentsByID.Add(0, student);

        Console.WriteLine(studentsByID[0].name);
    }
}

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Sectie 2. Hoofdstuk 4

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Cursusinhoud

C# Beyond Basics

1. Additional Structures & File Handling

2. Structs & Enumerators

3. Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

4. OOP Essentials

Derived Classes Derived Classes Practice Common Access Modifiers Access Modifiers Practice The `static` Keyword Practicing `static` Keyword Method Overloading Method Overloading Practice

5. OOP Principles

What are the Principles of OOP?Inheritance Practicing Inheritance Polymorphism Practicing Polymorphism Encapsulation Encapsulation Practice Abstraction Abstraction Practice What's Next?

Structs with Other Data Structures

Since structs are essentially data types, we can use them for creating Arrays and Lists as well:

index.cs


              1234567891011121314151617181920
            
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

struct Student
{
    public string name;
    public int age;
}

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // An array of 50 students
        Student[] studentsArr = new Student[50];

        // A list of students
        List<Student> studentsList;
    }
}

In a List or an Array, we would access a Student object's field using the following syntax:

index.cs


              1
            
variableName[index].fieldName

For-example:

index.cs


              1234567
            
// Array
studentsArr[17].name = "Alex";

// List
studentsList[27].age = 21;

// Note: Both have the same syntax.

We can also loop through these arrays or lists to assign or access data. For-example the following code loops through a List of Students objects and calculates the average age:

index.cs


              12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637
            
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

struct Student
{
    public string name;
    public int age;
}

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // Creating an array
        Student[] students = new Student[7];

        // Setting some data
        students[0].age = 18;
        students[1].age = 13;
        students[2].age = 16;
        students[3].age = 21;
        students[4].age = 30;
        students[5].age = 36;
        students[6].age = 20;

        int totalAge = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < students.Length; i++)
        {
            totalAge += students[i].age;
        }

        // Formula for average is "sum of elements / number of elements"
        float averageAge = totalAge / students.Length;

        Console.WriteLine($"Average Age: {averageAge}");
    }
}

It is clear that here the Student struct acts like a data type. We can also use Student as a dictionary value as well. Following is an example of using Struct as a value in a dictionary:

index.cs


              123456789101112131415161718192021222324
            
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

struct Student
{
    public string name;
    public int age;
}

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        var studentsByID = new Dictionary<int, Student>();

        Student student;
        student.name = "Thomas";
        student.age = 36;

        studentsByID.Add(0, student);

        Console.WriteLine(studentsByID[0].name);
    }
}

Was alles duidelijk?

Bedankt voor je feedback!

Sectie 2. Hoofdstuk 4