Aprenda Resource Allocation and Optimization | Project Management and Optimization

In civil engineering projects, resource allocation involves deciding how to assign limited resources—such as construction crews, machinery, or materials—to various tasks. This challenge is common in project management, where you must ensure that each task has the necessary resources to proceed without unnecessary delays or idle time. For example, if you have several crews and multiple tasks that need to be completed, you must determine which crew should work on which task, and at what time, to make the best use of available resources.


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# Model resources and tasks, and assign resources to tasks based on availability

resources = [
    {"id": 1, "type": "Crew", "available": True},
    {"id": 2, "type": "Excavator", "available": True},
    {"id": 3, "type": "Crew", "available": True}
]

tasks = [
    {"id": 101, "name": "Excavation", "required": "Excavator", "assigned_resource": None},
    {"id": 102, "name": "Formwork", "required": "Crew", "assigned_resource": None},
    {"id": 103, "name": "Rebar Placement", "required": "Crew", "assigned_resource": None}
]

for task in tasks:
    for resource in resources:
        if resource["type"] == task["required"] and resource["available"]:
            task["assigned_resource"] = resource["id"]
            resource["available"] = False
            break

for task in tasks:
    print(f"Task '{task['name']}' assigned to Resource ID: {task['assigned_resource']}")

Simple optimization techniques can help you allocate resources more efficiently, which improves project timelines and reduces costs. By carefully assigning available crews and equipment to tasks as soon as possible, you can avoid bottlenecks and ensure that no resource is left idle for long. Even basic approaches, such as always assigning the next available resource to the earliest unassigned task, can have a significant impact on overall project efficiency.


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# Greedy algorithm: assign available resources to the earliest unassigned task

resources = [
    {"id": 1, "type": "Crew", "available": True},
    {"id": 2, "type": "Crew", "available": True}
]

tasks = [
    {"id": 201, "name": "Pour Concrete", "required": "Crew", "assigned_resource": None},
    {"id": 202, "name": "Install Windows", "required": "Crew", "assigned_resource": None},
    {"id": 203, "name": "Painting", "required": "Crew", "assigned_resource": None}
]

for task in tasks:
    for resource in resources:
        if resource["type"] == task["required"] and resource["available"]:
            task["assigned_resource"] = resource["id"]
            resource["available"] = False
            break

for task in tasks:
    print(f"Task '{task['name']}' assigned to Resource ID: {task['assigned_resource']}")

1. Why is resource allocation important in project management?

2. What is a greedy algorithm, and how is it used in the code sample?

3. Fill in the blank: Assigning resources efficiently can help minimize project ______.

Tudo estava claro?

Obrigado pelo seu feedback!

Seção 3. Capítulo 2

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Suggested prompts:

Can you explain why the last task wasn't assigned a resource?

What are some ways to handle situations when there aren't enough resources for all tasks?

Can you show how to prioritize certain tasks over others in this allocation?

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