C++ Functions

C++ Functions

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1. Introduction

Now it's time to dive into the world of C++ functions! Now you will learn some general concepts about functions in C++, including their definition, declaration, and usage. Discover how to declare and call functions, and gain insights into variable scopes, both local and global, for effective program design.

What is Function in C++?

How to Create Function in C++?

Simple Function Creation

Variable Scopes

Understanding Variable Scopes

2. Function Arguments Specification

We will delve into specifying and using function arguments in C++ programming. Explore concepts like pass-by-value and pass-by-reference, and understand the role of default arguments; learn how to pass arrays as function arguments and become familiar with constant function arguments.

Positional and Default Arguments

Passing Arguments by Value/Pointer/Reference

Constant Function Arguments

Passing Static Array as an Argument of the Function

Passing Dynamic Array as an Argument of the Function

Why Do We Need Array Size as an Argument?

Passing Custom Structures as Arguments

3. Function Return Values Specification

Now we will learn about how to specify the return value of a function in C++. This includes understanding the data types that functions can return, such as integers, floating-point numbers, and arrays. We will also consider function that have no return value.

Returning Values With Simple Data Types

Returning Arrays from the Function

Return Custom Data Types

Void Return Type

4. Some Advanced Topics

Now let's delve into some additional topic in C++! We will explore function overloading, mastering the art of creating multiple functions with the same name but different parameter lists for enhanced code flexibility. Recursion is introduced, teaching the principles of recursive functions, allowing students to solve complex problems efficiently. Additionally, the section covers lambda functions, providing insights into creating concise anonymous functions/

Function Overloading

Function Overloading Practice

Lambda Functions

Conteúdo do Curso

C++ Functions

How to Create Function in C++?

Let's look at the function that we created in the previous chapter:

main


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#include <iostream>

// Function to calculate the factorial of an integer
int calculateFactorial(int n)
{
    int factorial = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        factorial *= i;
    return factorial;
}

int main()
{
    // Call the calculateFactorial function and print the result
    std::cout << calculateFactorial(5) << std::endl;
    std::cout << calculateFactorial(8) << std::endl;
}

Function signature: Provides essential information about a function's interface, including its name, return type, and parameter list.
- Return type: Specifies the type of data the function will return. In this example, it's int, indicating an integer will be returned.
- Function name: Unique identifier for the function, used to call it from other parts of the program. Our function is named calculateFactorial.
Parameter list: Defines the input values the function expects. This function expects a single integer parameter named n.
Function Body: Contains the code that performs the desired operations, enclosed in curly braces {}. In this example, the function calculates the factorial of n using a for loop and stores the result in the factorial variable.
Return Statement: Specifies the value the function will return to the caller. In this case, it returns the calculated factorial value using the return keyword.

Thus, above, we described the structure of a function in C++: any function consists of a signature, a function body, and a return value.

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