Let's look at the function that we created in the previous chapter:

• Function signature: Provides essential information about a function's interface, including its name, return type, and parameter list.
  • Return type: Specifies the type of data the function will return. In this example, it's int, indicating an integer will be returned.
  • Function name: Unique identifier for the function, used to call it from other parts of the program. Our function is named calculateFactorial.
• Parameter list: Defines the input values the function expects. This function expects a single integer parameter named n.
• Function Body: Contains the code that performs the desired operations, enclosed in curly braces {}. In this example, the function calculates the factorial of n using a for loop and stores the result in the factorial variable.
• Return Statement: Specifies the value the function will return to the caller. In this case, it returns the calculated factorial value using the return keyword.

Thus, above, we described the structure of a function in C++: any function consists of a signature, a function body, and a return value.