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Introduction to Java

Arithmetic Operators

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Now that you understand variables and data types, you can start doing something more interesting with them — math operations.

In Java, we use five main arithmetic operators:

  • + — addition;
  • - — subtraction;
  • * — multiplication;
  • / — division;
  • % — modulus (remainder).

Example Code

Here’s a simple example using all five operators in a coffee shop scenario:

Main.java

Main.java


              
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package com.example;

public class Main {
   public static void main(String[] args) {

       int coffeeCupsSold = 35;
       int coffeeCupsInStock = 120;
       int coffeeCupPrice = 5;

       // Addition
       int total = coffeeCupsInStock + coffeeCupsSold;

       // Subtraction
       int remaining = coffeeCupsInStock - coffeeCupsSold;

       // Multiplication
       int revenue = coffeeCupPrice * coffeeCupsSold;

       // Division
       int days = coffeeCupsInStock / coffeeCupsSold;

       // Modulus
       int leftover = coffeeCupsInStock % coffeeCupsSold;

       System.out.println(total);
       System.out.println(remaining);
       System.out.println(revenue);
       System.out.println(days);
       System.out.println(leftover);
   }
}

The example declares three variables: coffeeCupsSold, coffeeCupsInStock, and coffeeCupPrice to represent our coffee shop data. Then we apply all five arithmetic operators to calculate totals, remaining stock, revenue, how many days stock will last, and the leftover cups after dividing evenly. Finally, each result is printed to the screen using System.out.println().

question mark

What does the modulus operator % return?

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Section 2. Chapter 5

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Section 2. Chapter 5
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