We understand:

• The significance of routing;
• The purpose of the React Router library.

Now, let's delve into the structure of URLs. What components does it consist of, and how can we construct it accurately?

URLs, or Uniform Resource Locators, are fundamental web architecture elements.

The Anatomy of a URL

A URL consists of several key components, each serving a unique purpose:

1. Scheme: The scheme dictates the protocol used to access the resource, typically http or https. It tells the browser how to connect to the server. For example, https:// signifies a secure HTTPS protocol connection;
2. Domain: This is the web address, like www.example.com. The domain specifies the web server or service where the resource is hosted. A well-chosen domain is both memorable and relevant to your website's content;
3. Path: The path identifies the resource's location on the server, such as /products/category. It is a hierarchical string, separated by slashes (/);
4. Query Parameters: These are key-value pairs, often found after a ? in the URL, providing additional information to the server. Query parameters enable dynamic content generation and data retrieval. For example, in the URL www.example.com/search?q=react, q is the parameter, and react is the value;
5. Fragment: The fragment, preceded by #, specifies a specific section within a webpage. While it does not directly affect server requests, it can be used for in-page navigation. For instance, in www.example.com/page#section-2, #section-2 points to a specific section on the page.