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C++ Introduction
course content

Course Content

C++ Introduction

C++ Introduction

1. Getting Started
Why to Learn C++What is C++Entry Point of a ProgramStandard Library and FilesPreprocessor DirectivesThe First Program
2. Variables and Data Types
Introduction to VariablesData TypesNumerical Data TypesIntroduction to StringIntroduction to ArraysKeywords sizeof(), auto and typedefWorking with the Array
3. Introduction to Operators
Simple OperatorsA Little MathLogical OperatorsCompound Assignment OperatorPracticing Math Basics
4. Introduction to Program Flow
If...else StatementTernary OperatorSwitch StatementWhile LoopDo...while LoopFor LoopFibonacci Number with Loops
5. Introduction to Functions
What are Functions?Type of FunctionsReturn Statement in FunctionsFunctions With Arguments Simple Function

bookSwitch Statement

The switch-case construct allows you to compare the result of an expression against a set of predefined values. Structure of switch-case:

cpp

main

copy

              
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#include <iostream>

int main()
{
	int variable = 5;

	// as the expression to be checked, we will simply have our variable
    switch (variable)
    {
        case 5: //if variable equals 5
            std::cout << "Value of variable equals 5" << std::endl;
            break;

        case 20://if variable equals 20
            std::cout << "Value of variable equals 20" << std::endl;
            break;
    }
}
  • break - statement means an exit from a block of code;
  • default - is an optional part but a useful one. This part will be executed if none of the cases doesn't fit.

In our case, we check the variable, if it is equal to 5, then the corresponding text will be displayed and, using the break statement, the program flow will leave the entire switch-case construction, and there will be no processing of other cases.

But the switch statement has one caveat. We intentionally remove the break statement:

cpp

main

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#include <iostream>

int main()
{
	int variable = 5;

	switch (variable)
	{
        case 5: 
            std::cout << "Value of variable equals 5" << std::endl;
            // delete "break;"

        case 10:
            std::cout << "Value of variable equals 10" << std::endl;
            // delete "break;"

        case 15:
            std::cout << "Value of variable equals 15" << std::endl;
            // delete "break;"
	}
}

Without the break command, the program flow will ignore all the following checks and simply execute the commands of the following cases until it encounters the break statement or the end of the entire switch block.

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Section 4. Chapter 3
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