Understanding the difference between raster and vector graphics is important when using Adobe Illustrator, as it primarily deals with vector graphics but can also work with raster images but not as complicated as how Photoshop deals with them. Here's a comparison of raster and vector graphics in the context of Adobe Illustrator:

Now, let's see a practical example of that.

So, you can work with both raster (bitmap) images and vector graphics in Adobe Illustrator. Just be mindful of the resolution, and cleverly integrate them in your design.