Organizing files by their type is a frequent and essential task in **DevOps automation**, especially when you need to manage large numbers of **log files**, **configuration files**, or documentation. By categorizing files based on their **extensions**, you can streamline maintenance, automate clean-up processes, and quickly locate the files you need. In this challenge, you will practice this foundational automation skill by writing a Python script that groups a hardcoded list of filenames into categories according to their file extensions.


import unittest
import user_code
import ast
import re   
import importlib
import csv
import unittest
import importlib

class TestTask(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_grouping_by_extension(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        files = [
            "server.log",
            "config.conf",
            "readme.txt",
            "data.csv",
            "archive.tar.gz",
            "notes.txt",
            "debug.log",
            "settings.conf",
            "script",
            "output.log"
        ]
        result = user_code.organize_files_by_extension(files)
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            isinstance(result, dict),
            "Returned value is a dictionary.",
            f"Expected a dictionary, got {type(result)}."
        )
        expected = {
            ".log": ["server.log", "debug.log", "output.log"],
            ".conf": ["config.conf", "settings.conf"],
            ".txt": ["readme.txt", "notes.txt"],
            ".csv": ["data.csv"],
            ".gz": ["archive.tar.gz"],
            "": ["script"]
        }
        # Test each extension key
        for ext, expected_files in expected.items():
            actual_files = result.get(ext, None)
            _dynamic_test(
                self,
                isinstance(actual_files, list) and sorted(actual_files) == sorted(expected_files),
                f"Files with extension '{ext}' are grouped correctly.",
                f"Expected files {expected_files} for extension '{ext}', got {actual_files}."
            )

    def test_no_missing_files(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        files = [
            "server.log",
            "config.conf",
            "readme.txt",
            "data.csv",
            "archive.tar.gz",
            "notes.txt",
            "debug.log",
            "settings.conf",
            "script",
            "output.log"
        ]
        result = user_code.organize_files_by_extension(files)
        all_grouped = []
        for v in result.values():
            all_grouped.extend(v)
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            sorted(all_grouped) == sorted(files),
            "All input files are present in output dictionary.",
            f"Some files are missing or extra in output: {set(files) ^ set(all_grouped)}"
        )

    def test_compound_extension(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        files = ["backup.tar.gz", "archive.tar.gz", "file.txt", "readme"]
        result = user_code.organize_files_by_extension(files)
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            ".gz" in result and sorted(result[".gz"]) == ["archive.tar.gz", "backup.tar.gz"],
            "Compound extensions are grouped by the last period.",
            f"Expected .gz to include both archive.tar.gz and backup.tar.gz, got {result.get('.gz', None)}"
        )

    def test_empty_string_key(self):
        import user_code
        importlib.reload(user_code)
        files = ["file1", "file2", "file3.log"]
        result = user_code.organize_files_by_extension(files)
        _dynamic_test(
            self,
            "" in result and sorted(result[""]) == ["file1", "file2"],
            "Filenames without extension are under the empty string key.",
            f"Expected ['file1', 'file2'] under '', got {result.get('', None)}"
        )

def _dynamic_test(test_case, condition, success_message, failure_message):
    if condition:
        test_case._testMethodName = success_message
        test_case.assertTrue(True, success_message)
    else:
        test_case._testMethodName = failure_message
        test_case.fail(failure_message)

def normalize_text(text):
    text = text.lower()
    text = re.sub(r"\\s{2,}", " ", text)
    text = re.sub(r"\\s*([,:?])\\s*", r"\\1 ", text)
    return text.strip()

def change_var(code: str, var_name: str, value: str) -> str:
    tree = ast.parse(code)
    lines = code.splitlines()
    changed = False
    # Collect all assignment nodes to modify
    assign_nodes = [
        (i, node)
        for i, node in enumerate(tree.body)
        if isinstance(node, ast.Assign)
        and any(isinstance(target, ast.Name) and target.id == var_name for target in node.targets)
    ]

    # If nothing to change, return unmodified code
    if not assign_nodes:
        return code

    # Perform replacements for all matching assignments (from last to first to not break line offsets)
    for i, node in reversed(assign_nodes):
        start_line = node.lineno - 1
        line = lines[start_line]
        indent = ' ' * (len(line) - len(line.lstrip()))
        lines[start_line] = f"{indent}{var_name} = {value}"
        next_line = len(lines)
        for next_node in tree.body[i+1:]:
            if hasattr(next_node, 'lineno'):
                next_line = next_node.lineno - 1
                break
        if next_line > start_line + 1:
            lines[start_line+1:next_line] = []
        changed = True

    return '\\n'.join(lines) if changed else code

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()


test_main.py

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Challenge: Batch File Organizer

Solution