Python Project Structure: Organizing Code for Scalability

Modules are incredibly powerful, allowing you to organize your Python code logically and reuse code efficiently.

To provide a complete picture, let's discuss the differences between the project components. We will examine the distinctions and applications of each concept: module, package, library, and framework.

• Module - each .py file is a module. This file can contain functions, classes, and variables. We can use a module or its individual components in another module using the import statement;
• Package - is essentially a directory that contains a special file called __init__.py along with one or more modules (which are Python files) and possibly other sub-packages. Similarly, components of a package can be used with the import statement in another module within the same project;
• Library - may have the structure of a package or simply be a folder with a collection of modules; less frequently, a library can be a single file, thus a module. We often use third-party libraries, so we install them via pip install. Built-in or custom libraries can simply be imported;
• Framework - similar to libraries, Python frameworks are a collection of modules and packages that help programmers fast-track the development process. However, frameworks are usually more complex than libraries. To use a framework, you must download it, for example, using the pip install command.