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Introduction to GoLang
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Introduction to GoLang

Introduction to GoLang

1. Getting Started
What is Go Programming Language?Hello WorldComments in GoBasics of VariablesModifying Variable ValuesConstantsBasics of Operators & ExpressionsChallenge: Hello WorldChallenge: Comments in GoChallenge: Basics of VariablesChallenge: Constants
2. Data Types
IntegersFloating-Point NumbersBooleansRunesStringsBasic Type CastingString FormattingChallenge: String Formatting Practice
3. Control Structures
Comparison OperatorsConditional StatementsConditional ChainingLogical OperatorsSwitch StatementFor LoopBreak StatementChallenge: Practicing For Loop
4. Functions
Declaring and Defining FunctionsLocal and Global ScopesPassing Data into the FunctionsReturn Values from FunctionsMultiple Return ValuesPassing Functions as ArgumentsChallenge: Reviewing Concepts of Functions
5. Arrays and Slices
Declaring ArraysAccessing and Modifying Array ElementsSlicesLength vs CapacityMulti-Dimensional ArraysIterating Over ArraysPassing Variable Number of Arguments into FunctionsPassing Arrays into FunctionsChallenge: Finding the Largest Element in a Grid
6. Intro to Structs & Maps
Creating StructsCreating Instances of StructsData in StructsWhat are Maps?Map Declaration and InitializationAccessing Map ValuesDeleting Keys From MapsChallenge: Creating a Structure

bookSlices

Slices are akin to arrays, but they possess dynamic lengths, making them a more flexible alternative to arrays.

To create a slice, we utilize the same syntax as for arrays, but in this case, we omit specifying the size.

Creating a slice using the var keyword:

Create a Slice using the := operator:

We can add additional elements to a slice using the append function. The append function returns a new slice with the appended elements, which we can then store in the original slice variable. This will become clearer with an example. The basic syntax of the append function is as follows:

The following code demonstrates the use of the append function:

go

index

copy

              
1234

            
randomNumbers := [] int { 1, 4, 5}
fmt.Println(randomNumbers) // Output: [1 4 5]
randomNumbers = append(randomNumbers, 7, 9)
fmt.Println(randomNumbers) // Output: [1 4 5 7 9]

In the same way that we can access elements within an array, we can also reference portions of an array using the following syntax:

go

index

copy

              
1

            
arrayName[startIndex:endIndex + 1]

It will extract all elements from the startingIndex to the endingIndex. Please note that we need to provide endingIndex + 1. This will become clearer with an example. For example:

go

index

copy

              
12

            
var numbers = [10] int { 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19 }
fmt.Println(numbers[4:9]) // Output: [10 12 14 16 17]

It extracts the elements from indexes 4 to 9, including the element at index 4 and excluding the element at index 9, as expressed in the syntax:

go

index

copy

              
1

            
arrayName[startingIndex:endingIndex + 1]

We can also store this extracted portion of the array in a variable, thus creating a slice:

go

index

copy

              
123

            
var numbers = [10] int { 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19 }
numbersPart := numbers[2:7]
fmt.Println(numbersPart) // Output: [6 9 10 12 14]

It's important to note that such a slice references the portion of the array from which it was created. Consequently, any changes made in that slice will also affect the original array:

go

index

copy

              
12345678910111213

            
package main
import "fmt"

func main() {
    var pin = [4] int { 1, 2, 3, 4 }
    part := pin[1:3]
    fmt.Println(pin) // Output [1, 2, 3, 4]
    fmt.Println(part) // Output: [2, 3]
    part[0] *= 2
    part[1] *= 3
    fmt.Println(part) // Output [4, 9]
    fmt.Println(pin) // Output [1, 4, 9, 4]
}
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Seção 5. Capítulo 3
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