Partial Template Specialization

Template specialization for a single-parameter template is straightforward, but it becomes more complex with multiple parameters. This is where partial template specialization comes in. It allows you to create a specialized version of a template for specific subsets of types or values.

main


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// What if `T1` and `T2` are the same type?
// Or what if you want to define special behavior when `T1` is a `std::string`?

template<typename T1, typename T2>
void TemplateExample(T1 first, T2 second) 
{
    std::cout << "Generic template!" << std::endl;
}

Syntax of Partial Template Specialization

You can think of partial template specialization as a form of template overloading. Here are the rules to follow:

In partial specialization, you define a new version of a template function with some of its parameters fixed to specific types while leaving others as generic. The compiler uses this specialized version whenever it encounters matching types during template instantiation.

main


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#include <iostream>

// Primary template
template<typename T1, typename T2>
bool IsSameType(T1 first, T2 second) { return false; }

// Partial specialization for when both types are the same
template<typename T>
bool IsSameType(T first, T second) { return true; }

int main()
{
    std::cout << IsSameType(10, 'a') << std::endl;
    std::cout << IsSameType("Hello", "World") << std::endl;
}

That is one way to use template specialization, but there is another, more common scenario.

main


              123456789101112131415
            
#include <iostream>

// Primary template
template <typename T1, typename T2> // General case
void Template(T1 a, T2 b) { std::cout << "General" << std::endl; }

// Partial specialization for when `T1` is `bool`
template <typename T2> // Special case when the first type is `bool`
void Template(bool a, T2 b) { std::cout << "Special" << std::endl; }

int main()
{
    Template(false, 25);
    Template(100, 300);
}

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Зміст курсу

C++ Templates

1. Creating First Template

Introduction to C++ Templates Basic Syntax of Templates in C++Creating Your First Template in C++Working with Multiple Typenames in Templates Naming Conventions

2. Templates Usage

Typename Parameter as a Return Type Implicit and Explicit Type Specification Non-type Template Parameters

3. Class Templates

Introduction to Class templates Template Classes and STL Templates with Default Type Parameters Class Template Argument Deduction

4. Template Specialization

Introduction to Template Specialization How to Use Template Specialization Partial Template Specialization Template Constraints Overview

Partial Template Specialization

main


              12345678
            
// What if `T1` and `T2` are the same type?
// Or what if you want to define special behavior when `T1` is a `std::string`?

template<typename T1, typename T2>
void TemplateExample(T1 first, T2 second) 
{
    std::cout << "Generic template!" << std::endl;
}

Syntax of Partial Template Specialization

You can think of partial template specialization as a form of template overloading. Here are the rules to follow:

main


              123456789101112131415
            
#include <iostream>

// Primary template
template<typename T1, typename T2>
bool IsSameType(T1 first, T2 second) { return false; }

// Partial specialization for when both types are the same
template<typename T>
bool IsSameType(T first, T second) { return true; }

int main()
{
    std::cout << IsSameType(10, 'a') << std::endl;
    std::cout << IsSameType("Hello", "World") << std::endl;
}

That is one way to use template specialization, but there is another, more common scenario.

main


              123456789101112131415
            
#include <iostream>

// Primary template
template <typename T1, typename T2> // General case
void Template(T1 a, T2 b) { std::cout << "General" << std::endl; }

// Partial specialization for when `T1` is `bool`
template <typename T2> // Special case when the first type is `bool`
void Template(bool a, T2 b) { std::cout << "Special" << std::endl; }

int main()
{
    Template(false, 25);
    Template(100, 300);
}

Все було зрозуміло?

Дякуємо за ваш відгук!

Секція 4. Розділ 3