Course Content

Stream API

1. Fundamentals and Functional Capabilities of Stream API

Architecture Principles What Is a Functional Interface?Predicate: Data Filtering Challenge: Filtering Corporate Email Addresses Function: Data Transformation Challenge: Income Tax Calculation Comparable: Natural Ordering of Data Comparator: Custom Comparison of Data Challenge: Sorting Employees Consumer: Processing Data Supplier: Data Generation Bi-versions of Functional Interfaces Challenge: Filtering Users by Two Criteria BinaryOperator: Combining Two Values

2. Intermediate Operations in Stream API

Transforming Elements with the map() Method Filtering Elements with the filter() Method Challenge: Factory Product Filtering Working with Nested Structures with the flatMap() Method Arranging Items in Order with the sorted() Method Challenge: Selecting the Best Cars on the Production Line Eliminating Duplicates with the distinct() Method Challenge: Factory Quality Control Restricting and Skipping Elements with the limit() and skip() Methods Challenge: Finding the Top 3 Hardest-Working Employees Intermediate Processing with the peek() Method

3. Terminal Operations in the Stream API

collect() Gathering Stream Elements into a Collection Challenge: Build a Custom Collector for Category Counting Collectors Utility Class for Stream API Processing Elements with the forEach() Method Handling Values with the Optional Class Aggregating Elements with the reduce() Method Challenge: Calculating Total Cost with Discounts and Tax Calculating Stream Statistics with count(), max(), and min()Retrieving Stream Summary Metrics with summaryStatistics() Method Retrieving Elements from a Stream with findFirst() and findAny()Challenge: Selecting Random Products Within a Category Checking Stream Elements Against a Condition with allMatch()Challenge: Ensuring Fast Delivery for Expensive Products

4. Practical Applications of Stream API

Real-World Examples of Using Stream API Performance in Stream API Exception Handling in Stream API Summary

Calculating Stream Statistics with count(), max(), and min()

In programming, you often need to count the number of elements in a collection or find the minimum and maximum values among them.

However, programmers usually don't write custom algorithms for these tasks since built-in methods already exist. The Stream API provides convenient methods for working with collections, allowing computations on stream elements.

Among these methods are count(), max(), and min(), which help determine the number of elements and find the largest and smallest values.

The count() Method

The count() method returns the number of elements in a stream. It's often used when you need to determine the size of a collection after filtering data.

It takes no parameters and returns a primitive long type.

Practical Example

In an online store, you need to count the number of products with a discount of more than 20%.

Main


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package com.example;

import java.util.List;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Product> products = List.of(
                new Product("Laptop", 15.0),
                new Product("Smartphone", 25.0),
                new Product("Tablet", 30.0)
        );

        long discountedProducts = products.stream()
                .filter(product -> product.getDiscount() > 20.0)
                .count();

        System.out.println("Number of products with more than 20% discount: " + discountedProducts);
    }
}

class Product {
    private String name;
    private double discount;

    public Product(String name, double discount) {
        this.name = name;
        this.discount = discount;
    }

    public double getDiscount() {
        return discount;
    }
}

In this example, the filter() method selects products with a discount greater than 20%, and count() determines their quantity.

The max() Method

The max() method returns the maximum element in a stream based on a given Comparator. If the stream is empty, it returns Optional.empty().

Practical Example

Find the most expensive product in an online store to promote it as a premium product.

Main


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package com.example;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Comparator;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Product> products = List.of(
                new Product("Laptop", 1200.0),
                new Product("Smartphone", 800.0),
                new Product("Tablet", 600.0)
        );

        Optional<Product> mostExpensiveProduct = products.stream()
                .max(Comparator.comparing(Product::getPrice));

        mostExpensiveProduct.ifPresent(product ->
                System.out.println("Most expensive product: " + product.getName() + " - $" + product.getPrice())
        );
    }
}

class Product {
    private String name;
    private double price;

    public Product(String name, double price) {
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}

In this code, Comparator.comparing(Product::getPrice) compares products by price, and max() selects the most expensive one.

The min() Method

The min() method is similar to max(), but it returns the smallest element in a stream based on a given Comparator.

Practical Example

Find the product with the lowest stock to assess the need for restocking.

Main


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package com.example;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Comparator;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Product> products = List.of(
                new Product("Laptop", 5),
                new Product("Smartphone", 0),
                new Product("Tablet", 2)
        );

        Optional<Product> leastStockProduct = products.stream()
                .min(Comparator.comparing(Product::getStock));

        leastStockProduct.ifPresent(product ->
                System.out.println("Product with the lowest stock: " + product.getName() + " - " + product.getStock() + " units")
        );
    }
}

class Product {
    private String name;
    private int stock;

    public Product(String name, int stock) {
        this.name = name;
        this.stock = stock;
    }

    public int getStock() {
        return stock;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}

This code identifies the product with the lowest stock using the min() method and Comparator.comparing(Product::getStock).

Everything was clear?

Thanks for your feedback!

Section 3. Chapter 8