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Intermediate Python Techniques

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Local Variables in Python: Understanding Function-Level Scope

A local variable is defined inside a function. You cannot access this variable outside the function's definition.

def greet():
message = "Aloha"
print(message, "# local message")

greet()
print(message) # This line will result in an error

              
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def greet():
    message = "Aloha"
    print(message, "# local message")

greet()
print(message)  # This line will result in an error
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The output is:

python
Aloha # local message
NameError: name 'message' is not defined

The message variable is not accessible in the global scope; it exists only inside the function. When the function exits, this variable ceases to exist.

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