Course Content

C++ OOP

1. Fundamentals of OOP

Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming Why use Object-Oriented Programming?Class Creation Syntax Attributes of the Class Methods of the Class Static Members of The Class The This Keyword Classes and Objects Overview

2. Constructors and Destructors

What is a Constructor of the Class Constructor and Attributes Constructor Initialization List Initialization List Practice Constructor Delegation Constructor Delegation Practice What is a Destructor of the Class Copy Constructors Constructors and Destructors Practice

3. Encapsulation Overview

Introduction to Encapsulation Access Modifiers Keywords Access Modifiers Practice Accessor and Mutator Methods Access and Mutator Practice Segmentation and Aggregation The Friend Keyword

4. Inheritance Overview

Introduction to Inheritance Access Modifiers in Inheritance Mulptiple Inheritance Constructor and Destructor in Inheritance Diamond Inheritance The Final Keyword

5. Polymorphism Overview

Introduction to Polymorphism Virtual and Override Keywords Pure Virtual Method Operator Overloading Summary and Overview

C++ OOP

Introduction to Inheritance

Constructor

Inheritance is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming that allows a new class to inherit properties and behaviors from an existing one. Through inheritance, the new class, often referred to as a subclass, gains the attributes and methods of the existing class, known as the superclass.

Why do We Need Inheritance

To better understand the concepts of inheritance, let’s look at some practical examples. The primary benefit of inheritance is code reuse. For example, Student and Teacher classes reuse the code from Person (name, age, and display_info method). This reduces redundancy and makes the code more maintainable.

code example

Syntax of inheritance

Derived class is declared using a class declaration that specifies the base class from which it inherits. This is done using a colon followed by the access specifier (public, protected, or private) and the base class name.

code example

Base Class (superclass): the class whose properties and functions are inherited. It is also known as the parent or superclass.
Derived Class (subclass): the class that inherits from the parent. It is also known as the child or subclass.
Access Specifier: this specifier determines how the members of the base class are inherited by the derived class.
Inheritance: the colon (:) followed by the accessSpecifier and BaseClass indicates that DerivedClass is inheriting from BaseClass.

Note
The role and impact of access specifiers in inheritance will be covered in a later section of this chapter

Types of Inheritance

There are multiple times of inheritance. Each type offers a unique way of establishing relationships between classes, thereby providing a foundation for effective object-oriented design. Here are the main types of inheritance:

Single Inheritance	Involves one base class and one derived class.
Multiple Inheritance	A derived class inherits from more than one base class.
Multilevel Inheritance	Involves a chain of classes where a class is derived from another derived class.
Hierarchical Inheritance	Multiple classes are derived from a single base class.
Hybrid Inheritance	A combination of two or more types of inheritance.

1. What is inheritance in object-oriented programming?

2. How is a derived class declared

3. Which classes is suitable to reuse code from the Person class?

What is inheritance in object-oriented programming?

Select the correct answer

The process of creating new objects from existing classes

The process of encapsulating data within classes

The process of creating new classes from existing ones

None of the above

How is a derived class declared

Select the correct answer

Using a class declaration followed by a hyphen and parent class

Using a class declaration followed by a comma and parent class

Using a class declaration followed by a colon and parent class

Using a class declaration followed by a semicolon and parent class

Which classes is suitable to reuse code from the Person class?

Select a few correct answers

Teacher

Vehicle

Pilot

Student

Plane

Boat

Everything was clear?

Section 4. Chapter 1

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