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C++ OOP
C++ OOP
The Final Keyword
The final
keyword plays a crucial role in defining classes and controlling inheritance hierarchies. It provides developers with a powerful mechanism to restrict certain aspects of class design.
The usage of final keyword
When a class is declared as final
, it indicates that the class cannot be subclassed further. In other words, it serves as the end point of the inheritance hierarchy, disallowing from deriving it.
Example
class Example final { // Class members and methods }; // cannot derive from final base Example class ExtendedExample: public Example { // Class members and methods }; int main() {}
This feature is especially valuable when you aim to restrict the modification or extension of a specific class, or when you prefer utilizing your class using composition rather than inheritance. There is also other benefits to using it.
Enhanced Design Control | Marking classes as final enables precise control over the inheritance hierarchy, preventing unintended modifications or extensions. |
Code Safety | Utilizing final enhances code safety by enforcing design decisions and reducing the risk of introducing bugs or inconsistencies through subclassing. |
Performance Optimization | Compiler optimizations can be more effectively applied when certain classes are marked as final , potentially leading to improved runtime performance. |
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